Эй, Странник, принцесс пруд пруди, а дракон — существо редкое.
Эй, Странник, принцесс пруд пруди, а дракон — существо редкое.
Это имя буги, обитавшего в Уэстморленде, историческом графстве на северо-западе Англии, и в прилегающих к нему районах Йоркшира. Способный принимать разные обличья, он предпочитал появляться в образе черного пса размером с теленка. Неподалеку от Милнторпа стоял амбар, который называли Капельвейт, служивший убежищем для одного из таких созданий. Это существо хорошо относилось к фермерам и даже охраняло их скот. О нем рассказывали историю, которую обычно рассказывают про хобгоблинов: о том, как однажды он загнал зайца в стадо овец и жаловался, что с этим маленьким ягненком хлопот было больше, чем со всеми остальными овцами, вместе взятыми.
А вот по отношению к путникам он был очень злобным, так что в конце концов викарию и священнику из Битхэма пришлось изгнать его в реку Бела. С тех пор никто его не видел, кроме одного человека, который вернулся как-то с ярмарки без шапки и пальто, да к тому же весь растрепанный, и сказал своей жене, что Капельвейт загнал его в колючий кустарник (307: с.319). Уильям Хендерсон, пересказывая этот случай в «Фольклоре Северных графств», относится к нему с изрядной долей скепсиса (1290: p.62; 157):
In the county of Westmoreland and some adjacent parts of Yorkshire there was formerly a belief in the existence of a similar being, called the Capelthwaite. He had the power of appearing in the form of any quadruped, but usually chose that of a large black dog. Fifty years ago there was, perhaps still is, in the parish of Beetham, near the town of Milnthorpe, a barn called Capeltbwaite barn, as having been the residence of such a being. He was very well disposed towards the occupants of the barn, who suffered him to haunt it unmolested. For them he performed various kind acts, especially helping them in driving home their sheep. On one occasion he is said, after a hard chase, to have driven a hare by mistake into the barn, observing, "How quickly that sheep runs".
Towards all other persons he appears to have been very spiteful and mischievous, so much so that tradition tells of a Vicar of Beetham in former days going out in his ecclesiastical vestments and saying some prayers or forms of exorcism with intent to "lay" this troublesome sprite in the river Bela. Accordingly the Capelthwaite does not seem to have appeared in later times, except that a man of the neighbourhood who returned home late at night, tipsy, much bruised, and without coat or hat, persistently assured his wife that he had met the Capelthwaite, who threw him over a hedge and deprived him of those articles of dress.
There was also a farm in Yorkshire, not far from the town of Sedbergh, called Capelthwaite farm, and said to be haunted by such a being. Of his reputed doings I can give no account, further than that the stuffed skins of five calves were preserved there, which calves were born at a birth — a fact ascribed to the influence of the Capelthwaite. These particulars were communicated to me by the Rev. W. De Lancey Lawson (578: p.275-276).
В графстве Уэстморленд и некоторых прилегающих районах Йоркшира раньше бытовало поверье о существе под названием Капельтвейт. Он мог принимать облик любого четвероногого животного, но чаще всего выбирал форму большой черной собаки. Пятьдесят лет назад в приходе Битхэм, недалеко от города Милнторп, был (а может быть, стоит и поныне) амбар, известный как "Амбар Капельтвейта", который считался жилищем этого духа. Местные селяне, не мешавшие духу обитать в амбаре, получали от него всяческую помощь, особенно при загоне овец. Говорят, однажды после упорной погони он по ошибке загнал в амбар зайца, сетуя: «Как быстро бегает эта овца!».
Однако к остальным людям Капельтвейт, по-видимому, был менее дружелюбен. Сохранилась легенда, что когда-то викарий из Битхэма, облачившись во все свои церковные одеяния, попытался изгнать Капельтвейта силой молитв и заклинаний, из амбара в реку Бела. С тех пор о Капельтвейте больше не слышали, за исключением случая, когда местный пьяница, вернувшись домой в синяках, без шляпы и куртки, уверял, что это Капельтвейт обчистил его и швырнул через изгородь в бурьян.
Кроме того, в Йоркшире, недалеко от города Седберг, стоял хутор, называемый Фермой Капельтвейта, и там, как говорили, также обитал подобный дух. О его проступках мне ничего не известно, кроме того, что на ферме хранились чучела пяти телят, единовременное рождение которых приписывали похождениям Капельтвейта. Эти сведения были сообщены мне преподобным У. Де Лэнси Лоусоном (578: p.275-276).
The local bogie of the black dog type from the Westmorland (a historic county in North West England) and adjacent parts of Yorkshire. He could apparently assume any form at will, but preferred that of the calf-sized black dog. There used to be a barn near Milnthorpe called Capelthwaite Barn which was the home of one of these creatures. He was well disposed towards the farm people, and used to round up their sheep and cattle for them. The story was told about him which is more commonly told of various hobgoblins of how he once rounded up a hare among the sheep, and complained of having had more trouble with the little lamb than with any of the rest.
Towards strangers, however, he was very spiteful and mischievous, so that in the end the Vicar of Beetham laid him with due ceremony in the river Bela. Since then he has not been seen, except that one man came back from the fair capless, coatless and much dishevelled and told his wife that Capelthwaite had chased him and thrown him into the hedge. William Henderson, who tells this story in "Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties", seems to regard this adventure with some scepticism (1290: p.62):
In the county of Westmoreland and some adjacent parts of Yorkshire there was formerly a belief in the existence of a similar being, called the Capelthwaite. He had the power of appearing in the form of any quadruped, but usually chose that of a large black dog. Fifty years ago there was, perhaps still is, in the parish of Beetham, near the town of Milnthorpe, a barn called Capeltbwaite barn, as having been the residence of such a being. He was very well disposed towards the occupants of the barn, who suffered him to haunt it unmolested. For them he performed various kind acts, especially helping them in driving home their sheep. On one occasion he is said, after a hard chase, to have driven a hare by mistake into the barn, observing, "How quickly that sheep runs".
Towards all other persons he appears to have been very spiteful and mischievous, so much so that tradition tells of a Vicar of Beetham in former days going out in his ecclesiastical vestments and saying some prayers or forms of exorcism with intent to "lay" this troublesome sprite in the river Bela. Accordingly the Capelthwaite does not seem to have appeared in later times, except that a man of the neighbourhood who returned home late at night, tipsy, much bruised, and without coat or hat, persistently assured his wife that he had met the Capelthwaite, who threw him over a hedge and deprived him of those articles of dress.
There was also a farm in Yorkshire, not far from the town of Sedbergh, called Capelthwaite farm, and said to be haunted by such a being. Of his reputed doings I can give no account, further than that the stuffed skins of five calves were preserved there, which calves were born at a birth — a fact ascribed to the influence of the Capelthwaite. These particulars were communicated to me by the Rev. W. De Lancey Lawson (578: p.275-276).
Comments
Отправить комментарий