A vampiric REVENANT from Chinese lore, the xiang shi is created when a person’s second soul, the P’O, fails to leave the body upon death. The xiang shi must consume human blood and flesh; otherwise it will begin to decompose.

Source: Guiley, The Complete Vampire Companion, 26

In China there is a vampiric ghost called a xi xie gui. Its name means “suck blood ghost” in Mandarin Chinese. Created when a person’s second soul, the P’O, fails to leave the body upon death, the xi xie gui preys upon humans for their blood. Although there is no known way to destroy this vampire, it can be prevented from entering into one’s home by placing a length of wood measuring six inches long underneath the house’s front door.

Source: Schwarcz, Place and Memory, 146

Near the Bight of Benin along the West African coast in the Gulf of Guinea there is a vampiric being known as a wume. Created when a criminal dies and remains unburied or when a person has been cursed to UNDEATH, the wume is powerful, smart, and notoriously difficult to kill. Usually a band of warriors and a priest, all of whom have been ritualistically cleansed, are sent out to track and destroy one. It is best advised to approach a wume only after it has fed, as it will then drift off into a near comalike sleep. Then the men will be a comparable match for it and will eventually be able to tie its arms down along its body and wrap several layers of rope up and down its body. Once the wume is tightly wrapped, nearly mummylike, the surviving warriors will take the vampire to a secret and isolated location where it is buried in a deep and unmarked grave. Then, the men must never speak of the place or go there again, for the wume will use its ability to compel anyone who walks near its grave to dig it up.

Source: Jones, Dawn of European Civilization, 434; Pashley, Travels in Crete, 209; Wharton, North American Review, 95; Wright, Book of Vampires, 105