Briggs

Gnomes. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Gnomes

Гномы

Гномы не могут быть отнесены ни к эльфам, ни к гоблинам, ни к букам, ни тем более к бесенятам. Они более принадлежат сухой науке, чем народной традиции. Гномы являются членами очень небольшого класса, состоящего из четырех элементалей или стихиалей — гномы, сильфы, саламандры и нереиды, соотносящиеся с четырьмя стихиями — землей, воздухом, огнем и водой. Человек и все смертные существа созданы из различных сочетаний этих четырех стихий, стихиали же чисты по составу, каждый из них состоит исключительно из своей стихии. Так гласит герметическая и неоплатоническая доктрина, на которой основывались вся средневековая наука и медицина. С приходом Возрождения и укреплением эмпирической науки вера в четыре стихии постепенно угасла.

Redcap. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Redcap

One of the most malignant of old Border goblins, Redcap lived in old ruined peel towers and castles where wicked deeds had been done, and delighted to re-dye his red cap in human blood. William Henderson gives a full account of him in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p.253-255). He describes him as 'a short thickset old man, with long prominent teeth, skinny fingers armed with talons like eagles, large eyes of a fiery-red colour, grisly hair streaming down his shoulders, iron boots, a pikestaff in his left hand, and a red cap on his head'. Human strength can avail little against him, but he can be routed by scripture or the sight of a cross. If this is held up to him, he gives a dismal yell and vanishes, leaving one of his long teeth behind him. The wicked Lord Soulis of Hermitage Castle had Redcap as his familiar, who made him weapon-proof so that he was only finally destroyed by boiling him in oil in a brazen pot on Nine-stane Rig.

In Perthshire, however, there is a milder Redcap, a little man who lives in a room high up in Grantully Castle and whom it is fortunate to see or hear. The Dutch redcaps, or Kaboutermannekin, are of the true brownie nature and typical brownie tales are told about them.

[Motif: F363.2]

Killmoulis. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Killmoulis

A grotesque kind of hob or brownie who haunts mills. It is described at some length by William Henderson in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p.252-253). Every mill used to be supposed to have its killmoulis, or mill-servant. He was not very pleasant to look at, for he had no mouth but an enormous nose, up which he must have snuffed his food, for a rhyme quoted by Henderson runs:

Auld Killmoulis wanting the mow,

Come to me now, come to me now!

Where war ye yestreen when I killed the sow?

Had ye come ye'd hae gotten yer belly fou.

Brownie. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Brownie

One of the fairy types most easily described and most recognizable. His territory extends over the Lowlands of Scotland and up into the Highlands and Islands, all over the north and east of England and into the Midlands. With a natural linguistic variation he becomes the Bwca of Wales, the Highland Bodach and the Manx Fenodoree. In the West Country, Pixies or Pisgies occasionally perform the offices of a brownie and show some of the same characteristics, though they are essentially different. In various parts of the country, friendly Lobs and Hobs behave much like brownies.

The Border brownies are the most characteristic. They are generally described as small men, about three feet in height, very raggedly dressed in brown clothes, with brown faces and shaggy heads, who come out at night and do the work that has been left undone by the servants. They make themselves responsible for the farm or house in which they live; reap, mow, thresh, herd the sheep, prevent the hens from laying away, run errands and give good counsel at need. A brownie will often become personally attached to one member of the family. In return he has a right to a bowl of cream or best milk and to a specially good bannock or cake. William Henderson in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p.248) describes a brownie's portion:

He is allowed his little treats, however, and the chief of these are knuckled cakes made of meal warm from the mill, toasted over the embers and spread with honey. The housewife will prepare these, and lay them carefully where he may find them by chance. When a titbit is given to a child, parents will still say to him, 'There's a piece wad please a Brownie.'

Browney. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Browney

The Cornish guardian of the bees. When the bees swarm, the housewife beats a can and calls 'Browney! Browney!' and the browney is supposed to come invisibly to round up the swarm. It is possible, however, that 'Browney' is the name of the bees themselves, like 'Burnie, Burnie Bee' in the Scots folk rhyme.

Броуни

Корнуолльский страж пчел. Когда пчелы роятся, хозяйка стучит в кастрюлю и зовет «Броуни! Броуни!», чтобы невидимый броуни собрал пчел в рой. Возможно, впрочем, что «Броуни» — название самих пчел, как «Burnie, Burnie Bee» в одном шотландском стишке.

Llamhigyn Y Dwr, or The Water-Leaper. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Llamhigyn Y Dwr [thlamheegin er doorr], or The Water-Leaper

The Water-Leaper was the villain of Welsh fishermen's tales, a kind of water-demon which broke the fishermen's lines, devoured sheep which fell into the rivers, and was in the habit of giving a fearful shriek which startled and unnerved the fisherman so that he could be dragged down into the water to share the fate of the sheep. Rhys, from a second-hand account of it given him by William Jones of Llangollen, learned that this monster was like a gigantic toad with wings and a tail instead of legs.

[Motif: F420.5.2]

Ламхигин-и-дур, или Водопрыг

Водопрыгом звали злодея из сказок валлийских рыбаков. Это был водяной демон, который обрывал лини, пожирал упавших в воду овец и имел привычку издавать ужасный вопль, от которого рыбаки столбенели и теряли соображение, после чего он затаскивал их в воду и делал то же, что и с овцами. Рис из описания, которое пересказал ему Уильям Джонс из Лланголлена, узнал, что это чудовище было гигантской лягушкой с крыльями и хвостом вместо ног.

[Мотив: F420.5.2]

Boobrie. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Boobrie

A gigantic water-bird, which inhabits the lochs of Argyllshire. It has a loud harsh voice and webbed feet and gobbles up sheep and cattle. J.F.Campbell thinks the Boobrie is one form taken by the water-horse, but he gives no reason for thinking so. He gives an eyewitness account in Popular Tales of the West Highlands (Vol.IV, p.308) from a man who claimed to have seen it. He waded up to his shoulders in the waters of a loch in February to get a shot at it, but had only come within eighty-five yards when the creature dived. It looked like a gigantic Northern Diver, but was black all over. Its neck was two feet eleven inches long, its bill about seventeen inches long and hooked like an eagle's. Its legs were very short, the feet webbed and armed with tremendous claws, its footprints were found in the mud to the north of the loch, its voice was like the roar of an angry bull, and it lived on calves, sheep, lambs and others.

[Motif: B872]

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