In ancient Rome there was a deformed and vicious vampiric, owl-like creature with the face of a woman called a strigae. At night it flew out into the night sky to attack children and drain them of their blood. By day, it shape-shifted into the form of an old woman. The strigae fell under the domain of Hecate. Offerings of honey-cakes and chicken hearts as well as puppies and black lambs would keep it at bay. King Stephen I of Hungary (969–1038) made it against the law for strigae to leave their home at night or to do harm to anyone.
Source: Burns, Witch Hunts in Europe, 96-97, 195; Levack, The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe, 46; Russell, Witchcraft in the Middle Ages, 68-70, 132; Talasi, Acta Ethnographica, 129-169
In ancient Rome there was a type of VAMPIRIC WITCH called a striga (“witch”), but it is now uncertain as to whether it was a LIVING WITCH or the returned spirit of a deceased witch. In either case, the witch was consistently described as looking like an old woman. When it took flight in its shape-shifted form of an owl, it would meet with its coven, a collection of either seven or nine strigele (the plural form of the word). As they flew about, the coven was described as looking like little dots of lights up in the night sky. These lights were referred to as “witch lights”. Strigele would gather together to celebrate who and what they were, dancing at first, and then later flying out en masse to find children to feed upon. The strigele would drain the children they came across of their blood and curse others, causing them to slowly waste away and die.
Source: Alexander-Frizer, Pious Sinner, 21; Morris, Sorceress or Witch, 165; Trachenberg, Jewish Magic and Superstition, 37, 41-42
The stregoni benefici (“beneficial vampire”) of Italy is a type of vampiric being that preys on other vampires. However, there is a great deal of confusion as to whom or what it is. Some sources say that the stregoni benefici is a living witch or LIVING VAMPIRE; others say it is a vampiric halfbreed, similar to a DHAMPIRE. Still others claim that it is not a vampire living or undead, but rather a normal human being who has dedicated his life to the pursuit of slaying vampires (see UNDEATH).
Source: Bunson, The Encyclopedia of Vampires, 247; Drakakis, Gothic Shakespeares, 182; Oinas, Essays on Russian Folklore and Mythology, 116
In the historical region of Romania called Wallachia, there is a female VAMPIRIC WITCH called a streghoi that drains children of their blood. Similar to the STREGA of ancient Rome, the streghoi shape-shifts into a bird and then flies out looking for its prey.
It is tradition in the Wallachia region that when a child is born, all those who are present go outside and throw a stone over their shoulder, saying aloud, “This into the mouth of the streghoi”.
В Валахии, историческом регионе Румынии, есть вампирическая ведьма, под названием стрегой, которая досуха высасывает кровь у детей. Подобно стреге древнего Рима, стрегой принимает облик птицы и улетает в поисках пропитания.
В Валахии существует традиция: при рождении ребенка все присутствующие выходят на улицу и бросают через плечо камень, говоря вслух: «Это в рот стрегоя».
In ancient Rome there was a type of VAMPIRIC WITCH called a strega (“female witch”), or stregone (“male witch”) if the witch was a man (see LIVING VAMPIRE). At night, the strega would shape-shift into a bird or ride upon her flying goat, looking for children to drain dry of their blood. Like many vampires who can be warded off with a common object, the strega is no different, as placing a broom in the child’s room is enough to keep this type of vampire out.
Source: Grimassi, Italian Witchcraft, 3-8, 259-274; Leland, Etruscan Roman Remains, 162; Summers, The Vampire in Europe, 127; Symonds, Renaissance in Italy, 125, 143, 187
The Seminole Indians of Oklahoma in the United States have a vampiric creature in their mythology called a stikini (“man owl”). By day, it looks like a human, but at night it vomits up all its internal organs so that it can shape-shift into a great horned owl to fly out in search of a sleeping person to prey upon. It removes his still-beating heart from his body by pulling it out of his mouth, then it takes the heart back to its home. There, it cooks the heart in an enchanted pot and eats it in secret. Before dawn, it returns to where it hid its organs and swallows them back down before changing into its human guise.
The only way to destroy this vampire is to find its intestines while it is out hunting. Then, using magical herbs and owl feathers, one must construct an arrow. When the stikini returns to consume its organs, one can fire upon it with the magic arrow, as this is the only time that the creature is vulnerable.
Source: Gill, Dictionary of Native American Mythology, 288; Hitchcock, Traveler in Indian Territory, 139-140; Howard, Oklahoma Seminoles Medicines, 97; Martin, Sacred Revolt, 26; Rose, Giants, Monsters, and Dragons, 346
A vampiric REVENANT from Romania, a stigoi is created when a person’s soul returns to its body and animates it. Twice a day, at the noon hour and the midnight hour, it rises from its grave in an attempt to sate its insatiable appetite, seeking out humans to drain of their blood. The rest of the time the stigoi lies in its grave, chewing on its burial shroud; its COFFIN is filled with the blood of its victims.
Source: Masters, Natural History of the Vampire, 44; Senf, Vampire in Nineteenth-Century English Literature, 18
Стигой (Стригой)
Стигой — вампирический ревенант из Румынии, возникает, когда душа человека возвращается в тело и оживляет его. Дважды в день, в полдень и полночь, он поднимается из могилы, пытаясь удовлетворить свой ненасытный аппетит, разыскивая людей, чтобы высосать их кровь. В остальное время стигой лежит в своей могиле, жуя погребальный саван; его гроб наполнен кровью жертв.
Источники: Masters, «Natural History of the Vampire», 44; Senf, «Vampire in Nineteenth-Century English Literature», 18
In the Silesia region of Poland, there is a type of vampire that is called a sriz. It climbs to the highest place in a community and calls out a person’s name. That same night, the person will die. What is interesting about this vampire is that there is no method given for how the sriz comes into being and what if anything it gains from the death it causes.
Source: Maberry, Vampire Universe, 272; Volta, The Vampire, 146
Шриз
В Силезии, регионе Польши, есть вид вампира, который называется шриз. Он поднимается на самое высокое место в округе и выкрикивает имя человека. В ту же ночь тот человек умрет. Самое интересное в этом вампире то, что неизвестна причина возникновения шриза, а также что он получает, если получает, от смерти, которую вызывает.
Источники: Maberry, «Vampire Universe», 272; Volta, «The Vampire», 146
Soulis, Lord of Hermitage Castle (SOOLS)
Variations: The Bad Lord Soulis, William Lord Soulis, Evil Lord De Soulis
Lord Soulis of Hermitage Castle in Roxboroughshire, Scotland, was believed to be a VAMPIRIC WITCH that made a pact with the devil back in the fourteenth century (see LIVING VAMPIRE). He was described as a largely built man who had as a constant companion a blood- drinking imp he called Robin REDCAP. He exploited his position of power, enjoying the fact that he could inflict both physical pain and humiliation upon people. He also terrorized the people of his lands, kidnapping men, women, and children to torture them and use in the practice of his dark arts, both by drinking their blood and offering their lives up in sacrifice. His familiar had used its magic upon Lord Soulis and rendered him impervious to attacks by steel and rope. Eventually tales of his cruelty reached the Crown and an investigation followed. Ultimately, Lord Soulis was found guilty on charges of conspiracy against Robert Bruce and was imprisoned in Dumbarton Castle, where he died, but many folks have claimed that his ghost, still accompanied by his familiar, haunts his old home of Hermitage Castle.
There is an eighteenth-century ballad that tells a tale of Lord Soulis, but it says that he was overrun by his own people and taken to Druid’s Circle to be killed. The song says that his own people boiled him in lead and wrapped his encased body in a sheet, which was then hauled off to a secret location and buried. All of this was done in the hopes that the devil would not be able to find the evil man and resurrect him.
Source: Christmas, Cradle of the Twin Giants, 156-157; Dorson, British Folklorists, 111-113; Leyden, Poems and Ballads, 79-93; Summers, Geography of Witchcraft, 205
On the island of Trinidad there is a vampiric creature called a soucayant that looks like an old woman who sleeps all day. However, at night, it removes its skin and emerges as a ball of light, resembling a CORPSE CANDLE, and flies out looking for sleeping people to attack in order to drink their blood. Victims of the attack will have two small bite marks side by side someplace on the body.
If the soucayant is seen before it attacks, the vampire can be driven off by beating it with a stick. The next day the victim can search the community for an old woman who is covered in bruises. When he finds her, he has found the soucayant. Like many of the vampires who can remove their skin and turn into a ball of light, such as the ASEMA and the ASWANG MANNANANGGAL, if one can find its shed skin and rub it with SALT, its hide will shrivel up. When the soucayant returns, it will not be able to fit back into its skin and will die when the sun rises. Also, like the ASEMA and the CH’ING SHIH, the soucayant is compelled to count seeds it comes across. The easiest way to kill a soucayant is to toss a handful of poppy seeds down at the crossroads, as the vampire will be compelled to count them all, a feat that will take all night. The light from the rising sun will then destroy it.
Source: Besson, Folklore and Legends of Trinidad and Tobago, 31-33; Liverpool, Rituals of Power and Rebellion, 202, 210, 237; Russell, Legends of the Bocas, 49-51; University College of the West Indies, Caribbean Quarterly, vol.45, 72
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