Fairy

Lepracaun. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Lepracaun [lep-ra-chawn]

Now generally described as a fairy shoemaker, while the cluricaune haunts cellars and spends his time in drinking and smoking and the Fir Darrig is the practical joker of this trio of solitary fairies. Crofton Croker, however, merges the lepracaun and cluricaune together, and regards the differences of names as merely regional. He says (Vol.I, p.140):

The Cluricaune of the county Cork, the Luricaune of Kerry, and the Lurigadaune of Tippcrary, appear to be the same as the Leprechan of Leinster, and the Loghery man of Ulster; and these words are probably provincialisms of Luacharma'n, the Irish for a pigmy.

Bwbachod. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Bwbachod

Бубаход

Валлийский эквивалент брауни, на которых бубаход весьма похожи в том, что помогают по дому и склонны к буйному и даже опасному поведению, если их разозлить. Согласно «Британским гоблинам» Сайкса (с.30-31), у них есть одно отличительное свойство — нелюбовь к пьяницам и служителям раскольных церквей. Сайкс рассказывает о бубахе из Кардиганшира, который особо невзлюбил баптистского проповедника и выбивал у него из-под колен скамеечку и прерывал его молитвы, стуча кочергой или кривляясь в окне. В конце концов он окончательно запугал проповедника, появившись в облике его двойника, что считалось приметой скорой смерти. Эта шутка — из арсенала бук или оборотней, а не большинства брауни, а во всем остальном бубах отличается от брауни только названием. См. также Бука.

[Тип: ML7010. Мотив: F482.5.5]

Lubberkin. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Lubberkin

Ленивчик

Употреблявшееся в елизаветинскую эпоху уменьшительное от «lubber» — слова, вероятно, однокоренного с «лоб». Так называли дурачков и увальней. Аббатский Увалень — по-видимому, самое известное использование этого термина в фольклоре.

Gnomes. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Gnomes

Гномы

Гномы не могут быть отнесены ни к эльфам, ни к гоблинам, ни к букам, ни тем более к бесенятам. Они более принадлежат сухой науке, чем народной традиции. Гномы являются членами очень небольшого класса, состоящего из четырех элементалей или стихиалей — гномы, сильфы, саламандры и нереиды, соотносящиеся с четырьмя стихиями — землей, воздухом, огнем и водой. Человек и все смертные существа созданы из различных сочетаний этих четырех стихий, стихиали же чисты по составу, каждый из них состоит исключительно из своей стихии. Так гласит герметическая и неоплатоническая доктрина, на которой основывались вся средневековая наука и медицина. С приходом Возрождения и укреплением эмпирической науки вера в четыре стихии постепенно угасла.

Redcap. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Redcap

One of the most malignant of old Border goblins, Redcap lived in old ruined peel towers and castles where wicked deeds had been done, and delighted to re-dye his red cap in human blood. William Henderson gives a full account of him in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p.253-255). He describes him as 'a short thickset old man, with long prominent teeth, skinny fingers armed with talons like eagles, large eyes of a fiery-red colour, grisly hair streaming down his shoulders, iron boots, a pikestaff in his left hand, and a red cap on his head'. Human strength can avail little against him, but he can be routed by scripture or the sight of a cross. If this is held up to him, he gives a dismal yell and vanishes, leaving one of his long teeth behind him. The wicked Lord Soulis of Hermitage Castle had Redcap as his familiar, who made him weapon-proof so that he was only finally destroyed by boiling him in oil in a brazen pot on Nine-stane Rig.

In Perthshire, however, there is a milder Redcap, a little man who lives in a room high up in Grantully Castle and whom it is fortunate to see or hear. The Dutch redcaps, or Kaboutermannekin, are of the true brownie nature and typical brownie tales are told about them.

[Motif: F363.2]

Killmoulis. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Killmoulis

A grotesque kind of hob or brownie who haunts mills. It is described at some length by William Henderson in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p.252-253). Every mill used to be supposed to have its killmoulis, or mill-servant. He was not very pleasant to look at, for he had no mouth but an enormous nose, up which he must have snuffed his food, for a rhyme quoted by Henderson runs:

Auld Killmoulis wanting the mow,

Come to me now, come to me now!

Where war ye yestreen when I killed the sow?

Had ye come ye'd hae gotten yer belly fou.

Brownie. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Brownie

One of the fairy types most easily described and most recognizable. His territory extends over the Lowlands of Scotland and up into the Highlands and Islands, all over the north and east of England and into the Midlands. With a natural linguistic variation he becomes the Bwca of Wales, the Highland Bodach and the Manx Fenodoree. In the West Country, Pixies or Pisgies occasionally perform the offices of a brownie and show some of the same characteristics, though they are essentially different. In various parts of the country, friendly Lobs and Hobs behave much like brownies.

The Border brownies are the most characteristic. They are generally described as small men, about three feet in height, very raggedly dressed in brown clothes, with brown faces and shaggy heads, who come out at night and do the work that has been left undone by the servants. They make themselves responsible for the farm or house in which they live; reap, mow, thresh, herd the sheep, prevent the hens from laying away, run errands and give good counsel at need. A brownie will often become personally attached to one member of the family. In return he has a right to a bowl of cream or best milk and to a specially good bannock or cake. William Henderson in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p.248) describes a brownie's portion:

He is allowed his little treats, however, and the chief of these are knuckled cakes made of meal warm from the mill, toasted over the embers and spread with honey. The housewife will prepare these, and lay them carefully where he may find them by chance. When a titbit is given to a child, parents will still say to him, 'There's a piece wad please a Brownie.'

Browney. Статья из «Эльфийского словаря» К.Бриггс

Browney

The Cornish guardian of the bees. When the bees swarm, the housewife beats a can and calls 'Browney! Browney!' and the browney is supposed to come invisibly to round up the swarm. It is possible, however, that 'Browney' is the name of the bees themselves, like 'Burnie, Burnie Bee' in the Scots folk rhyme.

Броуни

Корнуолльский страж пчел. Когда пчелы роятся, хозяйка стучит в кастрюлю и зовет «Броуни! Броуни!», чтобы невидимый броуни собрал пчел в рой. Возможно, впрочем, что «Броуни» — название самих пчел, как «Burnie, Burnie Bee» в одном шотландском стишке.

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