In pre-Islamic Arabia, there was the belief that a deceased body could still have a soul inside of it. This animated corpse, a vampiric REVENANT, was called a nefs (“self”).

Source: Bailey, Jacob and the Prodigal, 105; Pandolfo, Impasse of the Angels, 191-203, 357; Roux, Le Sang

In Romania, the word necurat translates to mean “accursed” or “dishonest”. It refers collectively to all evil, vampiric creatures. It is used in place of the name of a specific vampire so that the demon does not hear its name and be drawn to the person who said it.

Source: Cremene, Mythology of the Vampire in Romania; Diószegi, Shamanism, 146; Znamenski, Shamanism in Siberia, 46

A vampiric spirit from India, the neammaparusha wears a wreath of human intestines on its head. It tears the skull out of its victim, consumes the brains, and drains the blood from the body.

Source: Ashley, Complete Book of Vampires; Crooke, Introduction to the Popular Religion, 69, 322

In Irish folklore there a vampiric REVENANT that is created through magic; it is called neamhmhairbh (“the undead”). It feeds off human blood. A neamh-mhairbh is not necessarily a species of vampire, but rather a vampire that has been created through the use of magic. Some versions of the story of the tyrant ABHARTACH consider him to be a neamh- mhairbh, as it was his own personal magic that allowed him to return.

Source: Fiérobe, Dracula, 67; Kiberd, Irish Classics, 384; Winn, I Never Knew That about Ireland, 255

A vampiric demon from Bulgaria, Poland, Russia, and Slovenia, a navi is created whenever a child dies before he is baptized or when a person drowns. It returns to the world looking like a common enough bird; it searches the countryside looking for its mother and calling out to anyone who will listen that it wants to be baptized. Never knowing its own mother’s love, it will attack women who are about to give birth, cutting them just deep enough to draw blood so it may take a drink. For seven years the navi can wander the earth calling out to others to help it. If it manages to persuade someone to baptize it, its spirit will be able to rest; if not, it will forever remain a demon.

Source: Georgieva, Bulgarian Mythology, 102-103; MacDermott, Bulgarian Folk Customs, 81; McClelland, Slayers and Their Vampires, 110