These make a solitary appearance in folklore in a story in Jacobs's More English Fairy Tales, reproduced from the Journal of American Folk-Lore (vol.III), communicated by a Mr S.V.Proudfit who had it from a Perthshire family. There is no trace of Scottish dialect about it.
The Hobyahs were horrifying goblins who ate people and kidnapped children. They were, however, terrified of dogs, and with good reason, for they were finally all eaten up by a large black dog. This is an authentic frightening nursery bogie tale, of the same type as 'The Old Man in the White House', but there is no sign that the hobyahs were objects of real belief.
Хобьи
Существо по имени хобья фигурирует в фольклоре в одной-единственной истории в книге Джейкобса «Другие английские сказки», процитированной из третьего тома «Журнала американского фольклора». Историю эту сообщил мистер С.В.Праудфит, который услышал ее в одной семье в Пертшире. Ни следа шотландского диалекта в этой истории не наблюдается.
Hob is the general name for a tribe of kindly, beneficent and occasionally mischievous spirits to which the brownie belongs. They are generally to be found in the North Country or northern Midlands. William Henderson in Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties (p. 264) mentions a localized hob who lived in a hobhole in a natural cave in Runswick Bay near Hartlepool. His speciality was the cure of whooping-cough. Parents would bring their sick children into the cave and whisper:
‘Hobhole Hob! Hobhole Hob!
Ma bairns gotten t' kink cough,
Tak't off; tak't off',
and the cure was as good as effected.
A more sinister hob, also mentioned by Henderson, was Hob Headless who haunted the road between Hurworth and Neasham, but could not cross the little river Kent, which flowed into the Tees. He was exorcized and laid under a large stone by the roadside for ninety-nine years and a day. If anyone was so unwary as to sit on that stone, he would be unable to quit it for ever. The ninety-nine years is nearly up, so trouble may soon be heard of on the road between Hurworth and Neasham.
Another hob or hobthrust mentioned by Henderson was very much of the brownie type. He was attached to Sturfit Hall, near Reeth in Yorkshire. He churned milk, made up the fires, and performed other brownie labours, till his mistress, pitying his nakedness, gave him a cloak and a hood, on which he exclaimed,
This curious apparition is described at some length by Walter Gill in A Manx Scrapbook (pp.356-357). He haunted all round the Grenaby district of Man, and in later times he appeared as a man with a pig's head and two great tusks like a wild boar's. Formidable though he looked, he does not seem to have done great damage. In earlier times he was a giant pig, and was ridden over land and sea by a Foawr who lived on Cronk yn Irree Lhaa. Like most Foawr, he was himself a stone-thrower, and he seems usually to have thrown his stones at his wife, with whom he was on very bad terms. Gill suggests that she may have been the Caillagh Ny Groamagh, who lived in exactly that locality: one of the rocks was Greg yn Arran, and another, which was a wide miss, fell at Cloughur in the south. The wife left him, and he himself presumably followed her, but they left their steed behind. After that he assumed a semi-human form and roamed about the countryside, possibly as far as Glen Rushen, where a buggane appeared which changed its shape between that of a black pig and a man.
Мэнская параллель шотландских фоморов. Как и они, Фовар — кидающиеся камнями великаны. Они отчаянно воруют скот, но при этом, похоже, не людоеды. Дора Брум в «Волшебных сказках с острова Мэн» рассказывает сказку, «Челс и Фовар», о веселом молодом скрипаче, которого Фовар поймал и утащил к себе домой. Можно было бы ожидать повторения истории с Полифемом, но Челс бежал от великана, поднявшись по дымоходу.
A supernatural creature which lives under or inside rocks in the Highlands and which devours all milk or crumbs of bread spilt on the ground. Mackenzie, in Scottish Folk Lore and Folk Life (p.244), thinks it likely that the Fridean were the original beings to which the libations of milk were poured upon the hills of Gairloch, Ross and Cromarty. He suggests that the fairly widespread tale of a piper who, followed by his dog, explored the windings of an underground cavern and never returned from it, though the sound of his music was followed above ground for several miles, is related to the Fridean. The dog returned hairless, as dogs do from encounters with fairies, and died when it came out into the open.
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